It has been established that there are thousands of natural variations called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed in the human genome which predispose individuals to disease. Since 2007 several gene variants have been associated with increased risk for diseases like diabetes, heart disease, macular degeneration etc. These same variations have been associated with an individual’s ability to absorb, metabolise and excrete drugs. Variations in their genes which carry out these functions can be currently evaluated by genetic tests which are now available to help identify the best drug and the most appropriate dose for an individual to obtain adverse effect free tailor made treatment.
Genetic counsellors can help individuals in suggesting appropriate tests and their relevance for appropriate health care management.